If you would rather learn from a video, we have a recording of this tutorial available on our YouTube channel. You can watch it by clicking on the link below. Otherwise, you can go ahead and continue reading this tutorial!
Prerequisites
Set up a Metamask (Beginner Track - Level-4)
Check if your computer has Node.js. If not download it from here
Build
Smart Contract
To build the smart contract we would be using Hardhat. Hardhat is an Ethereum development environment and framework designed for full-stack development. In simple words, you can write your smart contract, deploy them, run tests, and debug your code.
To set up a Hardhat project, Open up a terminal and execute these commands
mkdir NFT-Tutorialcd NFT-Tutorialnpm init --yesnpm install --save-dev hardhat @nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox
In the same directory where you installed Hardhat run:
npx hardhat
Select Create a Javascript Project and follow the steps. In the end, you will have a new Hardhat project ready to go!
Write NFT Contract Code
Let's install some OpenZeppelin contracts so we can get access to the ERC-721 contracts. In your terminal, execute the following command:
npm install @openzeppelin/contracts
In the contracts folder, create a new Solidity file called NFTee.sol
Now we would write some code in the NFTee.sol file. We would be importing Openzeppelin's ERC721 Contract. ERC721 is the most common standard for creating NFTs. In the freshman track, we would only be using ERC721. In the sophomore track, you'll learn more about ERC721 in detail. For now, don't worry if you don't understand everything :)
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MITpragma solidity ^0.8.19;
// Import the openzepplin contractsimport "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
// NFTee is ERC721 signifies that the contract we are creating imports ERC721 and follows ERC721 contract from openzeppelincontract NFTee is ERC721 {
constructor() ERC721("NFTee", "ITM") { // mint an NFT to yourself _mint(msg.sender, 1); }}
Compile the contract, open up a terminal and execute these commands
npx hardhat compile
If there are no errors, you are good to go :)
Configuring Deployment
Let's deploy the contract to goerli test network. To do this, we'll write a deployment script and then configure the network. First, create a new file/replace the default file named deploy.js under the scripts folder, and write the following code there:
// Import ethers from Hardhat packageconst { ethers } = require("hardhat");
async function main() { /*A ContractFactory in ethers.js is an abstraction used to deploy new smart contracts,so nftContract here is a factory for instances of our NFTee contract.*/ const nftContract = await ethers.getContractFactory("NFTee");
// here we deploy the contract const deployedNFTContract = await nftContract.deploy();
// wait for the contract to deploy await deployedNFTContract.deployed();
// print the address of the deployed contract console.log("NFT Contract Address:", deployedNFTContract.address);}
// Call the main function and catch if there is any errormain() .then(() => process.exit(0)) .catch((error) => { console.error(error); process.exit(1); });
Now create a .env file in the NFT-Tutorial folder and add the following lines. Follow the instructions below.
Go to Quicknode and sign up for an account. Quicknode is a node provider that lets you connect to various blockchains. We will be using it to deploy our contract through Hardhat. After creating an account, Create an endpoint on Quicknode, select, and then select the Goerli network. Click Continue in the bottom right and then click on Create Endpoint. Copy the link given to you HTTP Provider and add it to the .env file below for QUICKNODE_HTTP_URL
To get your private key, you need to export it from Metamask. Open Metamask, click on the three dots, click on Account Details and then Export Private Key. MAKE SURE YOU ARE USING A TEST ACCOUNT THAT DOES NOT HAVE MAINNET FUNDS FOR THIS. Add this Private Key below in your .env file for PRIVATE_KEY variable.
QUICKNODE_HTTP_URL="add-quicknode-http-provider-url-here"
PRIVATE_KEY="add-the-private-key-here"
You can think of Quicknode as AWS EC2 for blockchain. It is a node provider. They run Ethereum nodes (among other blockchains) and give us access to them. It helps us to connect with the blockchain by providing us with nodes so that we can read and write to the blockchain. Your Hardhat application will take your smart contract and send it to the Ethereum node given to us by Quicknode so it can be deployed on the Goerli network.
Now we would install
dotenvpackage to be able to import the env file and use it in our config. In your terminal, execute these commands.npm install dotenvNow open the hardhat.config.js file, we would add the
goerlinetwork here so that we can deploy our contract to the Goerli network. Replace all the lines in thehardhat.config.jsfile with the given below lines
require("@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox");require("dotenv").config({ path: ".env" });
const QUICKNODE_HTTP_URL = process.env.QUICKNODE_HTTP_URL;const PRIVATE_KEY = process.env.PRIVATE_KEY;
module.exports = { solidity: "0.8.19", networks: { goerli: { url: QUICKNODE_HTTP_URL, accounts: [PRIVATE_KEY], }, },};
To deploy in your terminal type:
npx hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network goerliSave the NFT Contract Address that was printed on your terminal in your notepad, you would need it.
Verify on Etherscan
Go to Goerli Etherscan and search for the address that was printed.
If the
addressopens up on etherscan, you have deployed your first NFT 🎉Go to the transaction details by clicking on the transaction hash, check that there was a token transferred to your address
See you in the next article!
Credit: Learnweb3.io